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The Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and its Foreseeable Future
Introduction The Programmable Logic Controller is a computer designed specifically for industrial applications that range from simple lighting projects to running entire manufacturing processes. This system can perform a wide variety of functions, providing a large number of analog and digital Input/ Output (I/O) interfaces; and various communication protocols. All of the PLC's components and functions revolve around the controller, which is programmed to perform a... Read More
What are the Applications of Electrical Heat Tracing?
Electric Heat Tracing Industrial applications may be found in the oil and gas production and storage facilities, petrochemical plants, refineries, pharmaceutical production, power generation, water and waste treatment plants, food processing, plus many others. Solutions can be provided for freeze protection, or for temperature maintenance duties. Frost protection Heat tracing for frost protection ensures that a minimum temperature is not exceeded at any time... Read More
Basics of HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)
Overview of HVAC System HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning. HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial applications like power plants, onboard vessels, office buildings such as skyscrapers, and in marine environments such as aquariums, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to fresh air, temperature and humidity. Air conditioning ranges from simple air conditioning by use ... Read More
What is ATEX and IECEx Certification?
What is ATEX? ATEX stands for Atmosphere EXplosibles. It is a legal framework that businesses must follow in order to protect employees and property from explosion risk in areas with a potentially explosive atmosphere. Furthermore, ATEX is the term used for European Union’s Directive 94/9/EC which concerns equipment & protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. The purpose of the directive is to facilitate trade by har... Read More
What is Electrical Heat Tracing (Raychem)?
Electrical Heat Tracing is an engineered system designed to maintain or protect process piping, equipment, vessels and instruments at defined temperatures and within specified design criteria. Electric cables are used to trace heating and to maintain temperature of non-flowing fluids by replacing the heat lost through thermal insulation on pipes, vessels and associated equipment. There are two principles of Heat Tracing, Electrical and Heat Transfer... Read More